Clause linkage in Ket
Doctoral Thesis
This work provides a typologically oriented description of clause linkage strategies in Ket, a highly endangered language spoken in Central Siberia. It is now the only surviving member of the Yeniseian language family with the last remaining speakers residing in the north of Russia’s Krasnoyarsk province. Although Ket can be said to have a rather long history of studies, there are issues that still lack a comprehensive and coherent account in the existing literature on the language, issues of clause linkage being one of them. The present study seeks to change the situation by providing a unified description of strategies used to code various clause-linking relations, including coordinative relations, complement relations, adverbial relations and relative relations. The theoretical background of the present study is based on the general framework developed within the functional-typological approach. It incorporates all the advances made during the last decades with respect to Ketology and the study of clause linkage typology to ensure its descriptive and typological value.
Содержание
- Acknowledgement
- List of abbreviations
- Chapter 1. Introduction
- 1.1 Scope of the study
- 1.2. Ket people and their language
- 1.2.1 Yeniseian languages
- 1.2.2 Ket
- 1.2.3 Ket dialects
- 1.3 Goals and data
- 1.4 Notational format
- 1.5 Organization of the study
- Chapter 2. Grammatical sketch of Ket
- 2.1 Phonology
- 2.1.1 Consonants
- 2.1.2 Vowels
- 2.1.3 Tonemes
- 2.2 Morphology
- 2.2.1 Nouns
- 2.2.2 Pronouns
- 2.2.3 Adjectives
- 2.2.4 Numerals
- 2.2.5 Adverbs
- 2.2.6 Relational morphemes
- 2.2.7 Action nominals
- 2.2.8 Verbs
- 2.2.8.1 Position classes in Modern Ket
- 2.2.8.1.1 Basic lexical elements
- 2.2.8.1.2 Tense and mood marking
- 2.2.8.1.2.1 Tense and imperative mood
- 2.2.8.1.2.2 Periphrastic tense and mood
- 2.2.8.1.3 Agreement marking
- 2.2.8.1.3.1 Regular agreement markers
- 2.2.8.1.3.2 Non-agreement markers
- 2.2.8.2 Ket agreement configurations
- 2.2.8.2.1 Transitive configurations
- 2.2.8.2.1.1 Transitive configuration I
- 2.2.8.2.1.2 Transitive configuration II
- 2.2.8.2.1.3 Transitive configuration III
- 2.2.8.2.1.4 Transitive configuration IV
- 2.2.8.2.2 Intransitive configurations
- 2.2.8.2.2.1 Intransitive configuration I
- 2.2.8.2.2.2 Intransitive configuration II
- 2.2.8.2.2.3 Intransitive configuration III
- 2.2.8.2.2.4 Intransitive configuration IV
- 2.2.8.2.2.5 Intransitive configuration V
- 2.2.8.2.2.6 Rare intransitive configurations
- 2.2.8.2.3 Non-agreement configurations
- 2.2.8.2.1 Transitive configurations
- 2.2.8.3 Derived categories
- 2.2.8.3.1 Causatives
- 2.2.8.3.2 Iteratives
- 2.2.8.3.3 Inchoatives
- 2.2.8.4 Noun incorporation
- 2.2.8.1 Position classes in Modern Ket
- 2.3 Simple clause syntax
- 2.3.1 Verbal clauses
- 2.3.2 Copular elements and predicate constructions
- 2.3.3 Questions
- 2.3.4 Negation
- 2.3.5 Constituent order
- 2.1 Phonology
- Chapter 3. Clause linkage: Theoretical preliminaries
- 3.1 Traditional formal approach
- 3.2 Role and Reference Grammar approach
- 3.3 Functional approach
- 3.4 Parametric approach
- 3.5 Clause linkage in Ket: Earlier studies
- Chapter 4. Coordination relations
- 4.1 Typology of coordination relations
- 4.2 Morphosyntactic properties of coordinating constructions
- 4.2.1 Asyndetic constructions
- 4.2.2 Monosyndetic constructions
- 4.2.2.1 The hāj construction
- 4.2.2.2 Constructions with the borrowed Russian monosyndetic coordinators i, a, no, ili
- 4.2.3 Bisyndetic constructions
- 4.2.3.1 The tām...tām construction
- 4.2.3.2 The construction with the borrowed Russian bisyndetic coordinator qod...qod
- 4.3 Semantic types of coordination relations
- 4.3.1 Conjunctive coordination
- 4.3.2 Disjunctive coordination
- 4.3.3 Adversative coordination
- 4.4 Summary of Chapter 4
- Chapter 5. Complement relations
- 5.1 Typology of complement relations
- 5.2 Morphosyntactic properties of complement constructions in Ket
- 5.2.1. The complementizer esaŋ
- 5.2.2 The complementizer bila
- 5.2.3 Complement types in Ket
- 5.2.3.1 S-like complement type
- 5.2.3.1.1 Paratactic S-like complement
- 5.2.3.1.2 S-like complement with esaŋ
- 5.2.3.1.3 S-like complement with bila
- 5.2.3.2 Action nominal complement type
- 5.2.3.2.1 Bare action nominal complement
- 5.2.3.2.2 Action nominal complement with esaŋ
- 5.2.3.2.3 Action nominal complement with bila
- 5.2.3.1 S-like complement type
- 5.3 The semantics of complement taking predicates
- 5.3.1 Modal predicates
- 5.3.2 Phasal predicates
- 5.3.3 Manipulative predicates
- 5.3.4 Desiderative predicates
- 5.3.5 Perception predicates
- 5.3.6 Knowledge predicates
- 5.3.7 Propositional attitude predicates
- 5.3.8 Utterance predicates
- 5.3.9 Commentative predicates
- 5.3.10 Achievement predicates
- 5.4 Summary of Chapter 5
- Chapter 6. Adverbial relations
- 6.1 Typology of adverbial relations
- 6.2 Morphosyntactic properties of subordinators in Ket
- 6.2.1 Clause-final subordinators
- 6.2.1.1 Simple clause-final subordinators
- 6.2.1.1.1 The subordinator diŋa
- 6.2.1.1.2 The subordinator diŋal
- 6.2.1.1.3 The subordinator diŋta
- 6.2.1.1.4 The subordinator dita
- 6.2.1.1.5 The subordinator ka
- 6.2.1.1.6 The subordinator bes
- 6.2.1.1.7 The subordinator esaŋ
- 6.2.1.1.8 The subordinator às / ās
- 6.2.1.1.9 The subordinator qon(e)
- 6.2.1.1.10 The subordinator daan
- 6.2.1.1.11 The subordinator dokot
- 6.2.1.1.12 The subordinator dukde
- 6.2.1.1.13 The subordinator baŋ
- 6.2.1.2 Compound clause-final subordinators
- 6.2.1.2.1 The subordinator kubka
- 6.2.1.2.2 The subordinator kɨka
- 6.2.1.2.3 The subordinator qaka
- 6.2.1.2.4 The subordinator baŋqone
- 6.2.1.2.5 The subordinator baŋdiŋa
- 6.2.1.2.6 The subordinator qadika
- 6.2.1.2.7 The subordinator asqa
- 6.2.1.1 Simple clause-final subordinators
- 6.2.2 Clause-initial subordinators
- 6.2.2.1 Simple clause-initial subordinators
- 6.2.2.1.1 The subordinator biséŋ
- 6.2.2.1.2 The subordinator bila
- 6.2.2.2 Compound clause-initial subordinators
- 6.2.2.2.1 The subordinator aska
- 6.2.2.3 Phrasal clause-initial subordinators
- 6.2.2.3.1 The subordinator eta qoda
- 6.2.2.1 Simple clause-initial subordinators
- 6.2.1 Clause-final subordinators
- 6.3 Semantic types of adverbial relations
- 6.3.1 Temporal relations
- 6.3.1.1 Posteriority relations
- 6.3.1.2 Overlap relations
- 6.3.1.2.1 Simultaneity relations
- 6.3.1.2.2 Terminal boundary relations
- 6.3.1.2.3 Initial boundary relations
- 6.3.1.3 Anteriority relations
- 6.3.2 Conditional relations
- 6.3.3 Purpose relations
- 6.3.4 Reason relations
- 6.3.5 Locative relations
- 6.3.6 Manner relations
- 6.3.1 Temporal relations
- 6.4 Summary of Chapter 6
- Chapter 7. Relative Relations
- 7.1 Typological classification and parameters of relative clauses
- 7.1.1 Position of head noun
- 7.1.2 Order of relative clause and head noun
- 7.1.3 Relativization strategies
- 7.1.4 Syntactic-semantic roles of relativized nouns in relative clauses
- 7.2 General types of relative clauses
- 7.2.1 Prenominal relative clauses
- 7.2.2 Headless relative clauses
- 7.2.3 Postnominal relative clauses
- 7.2.4 Correlative relative clauses
- 7.3 Relativization strategies and accessibility
- 7.3.1 The Accessibility Hierarchy
- 7.3.1.1 Subject
- 7.3.1.2 Direct Object
- 7.3.1.3 Oblique
- 7.3.1.4 Possessor
- 7.3.1 The Accessibility Hierarchy
- 7.4 Summary of Chapter 7
- 7.1 Typological classification and parameters of relative clauses
- Chapter 8. Areal influence on Ket syntax
- 8.1 Contact situation in Central Siberia
- 8.2 Core typological features of Ket
- 8.3 Typological accommodation
- 8.3.1 Typological accommodation at the phonological level
- 8.3.2 Typological accommodation at the morphological level
- 8.3.3 Typological accommodation at the syntactic level
- 8.3.3.1 Adverbial clauses
- 8.3.3.2 Relative clauses
- 8.4 Summary of Chapter 8
- References
- Published Ket text sources
- Summary
- Samenvatting
- Curriculum vitae